1 | // ================================================================ // |
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2 | // // |
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3 | // File : RootedTree.cxx // |
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4 | // Purpose : // |
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5 | // // |
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6 | // Coded by Ralf Westram (coder@reallysoft.de) in December 2013 // |
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7 | // Institute of Microbiology (Technical University Munich) // |
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8 | // http://www.arb-home.de/ // |
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9 | // // |
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10 | // ================================================================ // |
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11 | |
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12 | #include "RootedTree.h" |
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13 | #include <map> |
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14 | #include <set> |
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15 | #include <cmath> // needed with 4.4.3 (but not with 4.7.3) |
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16 | |
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17 | // ------------------ |
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18 | // TreeRoot |
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19 | |
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20 | TreeRoot::~TreeRoot() { |
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21 | deleteWithNodes = false; // avoid recursive call of ~TreeRoot |
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22 | delete rootNode; |
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23 | rt_assert(!rootNode); |
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24 | delete nodeMaker; |
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25 | } |
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26 | |
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27 | void TreeRoot::change_root(RootedTree *oldroot, RootedTree *newroot) { |
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28 | rt_assert(rootNode == oldroot); |
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29 | rootNode = newroot; |
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30 | |
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31 | if (oldroot && oldroot->get_tree_root() && !oldroot->is_inside(newroot)) oldroot->set_tree_root(0); // unlink from this |
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32 | if (newroot && newroot->get_tree_root() != this) newroot->set_tree_root(this); // link to this |
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33 | } |
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34 | |
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35 | // -------------------- |
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36 | // RootedTree |
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37 | |
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38 | #if defined(PROVIDE_TREE_STRUCTURE_TESTS) |
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39 | |
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40 | void RootedTree::assert_valid() const { |
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41 | rt_assert(this); |
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42 | |
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43 | TreeRoot *troot = get_tree_root(); |
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44 | if (troot) { |
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45 | if (!is_leaf) { |
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46 | rt_assert(rightson); |
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47 | rt_assert(leftson); |
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48 | get_rightson()->assert_valid(); |
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49 | get_leftson()->assert_valid(); |
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50 | } |
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51 | if (father) { |
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52 | rt_assert(is_inside(get_father())); |
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53 | rt_assert(troot->get_root_node()->is_anchestor_of(this)); |
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54 | rt_assert(get_father()->get_tree_root() == troot); |
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55 | } |
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56 | else { |
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57 | rt_assert(troot->get_root_node() == this); |
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58 | rt_assert(!is_leaf); // leaf@root (tree has to have at least 2 leafs) |
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59 | } |
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60 | } |
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61 | else { // removed node (may be incomplete) |
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62 | if (!is_leaf) { |
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63 | if (rightson) get_rightson()->assert_valid(); |
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64 | if (leftson) get_leftson()->assert_valid(); |
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65 | } |
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66 | if (father) { |
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67 | rt_assert(is_inside(get_father())); |
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68 | rt_assert(!get_father()->get_tree_root()); |
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69 | } |
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70 | } |
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71 | } |
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72 | #endif // PROVIDE_TREE_STRUCTURE_TESTS |
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73 | |
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74 | void RootedTree::set_tree_root(TreeRoot *new_root) { |
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75 | if (tree_root != new_root) { |
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76 | tree_root = new_root; |
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77 | if (leftson) get_leftson()->set_tree_root(new_root); |
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78 | if (rightson) get_rightson()->set_tree_root(new_root); |
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79 | } |
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80 | } |
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81 | |
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82 | void RootedTree::reorder_subtree(TreeOrder mode) { |
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83 | static const char *smallest_leafname; // has to be set to the alphabetically smallest name (when function exits) |
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84 | |
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85 | if (is_leaf) { |
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86 | smallest_leafname = name; |
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87 | } |
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88 | else { |
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89 | int leftsize = get_leftson() ->get_leaf_count(); |
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90 | int rightsize = get_rightson()->get_leaf_count(); |
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91 | |
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92 | { |
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93 | bool big_at_top = leftsize>rightsize; |
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94 | bool big_at_bottom = leftsize<rightsize; |
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95 | bool swap_branches = (mode&ORDER_BIG_DOWN) ? big_at_top : big_at_bottom; |
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96 | if (swap_branches) swap_sons(); |
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97 | } |
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98 | |
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99 | TreeOrder lmode, rmode; |
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100 | if (mode & (ORDER_BIG_TO_EDGE|ORDER_BIG_TO_CENTER)) { // symmetric |
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101 | if (mode & ORDER_ALTERNATING) mode = TreeOrder(mode^(ORDER_BIG_TO_EDGE|ORDER_BIG_TO_CENTER)); |
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102 | |
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103 | if (mode & ORDER_BIG_TO_CENTER) { |
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104 | lmode = TreeOrder(mode | ORDER_BIG_DOWN); |
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105 | rmode = TreeOrder(mode & ~ORDER_BIG_DOWN); |
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106 | } |
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107 | else { |
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108 | lmode = TreeOrder(mode & ~ORDER_BIG_DOWN); |
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109 | rmode = TreeOrder(mode | ORDER_BIG_DOWN); |
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110 | } |
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111 | } |
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112 | else { // asymmetric |
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113 | if (mode & ORDER_ALTERNATING) mode = TreeOrder(mode^ORDER_BIG_DOWN); |
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114 | |
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115 | lmode = mode; |
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116 | rmode = mode; |
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117 | } |
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118 | |
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119 | get_leftson()->reorder_subtree(lmode); |
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120 | const char *leftleafname = smallest_leafname; |
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121 | |
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122 | get_rightson()->reorder_subtree(rmode); |
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123 | const char *rightleafname = smallest_leafname; |
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124 | |
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125 | if (leftleafname && rightleafname) { |
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126 | int name_cmp = strcmp(leftleafname, rightleafname); |
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127 | if (name_cmp <= 0) { |
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128 | smallest_leafname = leftleafname; |
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129 | } |
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130 | else { |
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131 | smallest_leafname = rightleafname; |
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132 | if (leftsize == rightsize) { // if sizes of subtrees are equal and rightleafname<leftleafname -> swap branches |
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133 | const char *smallest_leafname_save = smallest_leafname; |
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134 | |
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135 | swap_sons(); |
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136 | get_leftson ()->reorder_subtree(lmode); rt_assert(strcmp(smallest_leafname, rightleafname)== 0); |
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137 | get_rightson()->reorder_subtree(rmode); rt_assert(strcmp(smallest_leafname, leftleafname) == 0); |
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138 | |
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139 | smallest_leafname = smallest_leafname_save; |
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140 | } |
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141 | } |
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142 | } |
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143 | } |
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144 | rt_assert(smallest_leafname); |
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145 | } |
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146 | |
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147 | void RootedTree::reorder_tree(TreeOrder mode) { |
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148 | /*! beautify tree (does not change topology, only swaps branches) |
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149 | */ |
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150 | compute_tree(); |
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151 | reorder_subtree(mode); |
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152 | } |
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153 | |
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154 | void RootedTree::rotate_subtree() { |
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155 | if (!is_leaf) { |
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156 | swap_sons(); |
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157 | get_leftson()->rotate_subtree(); |
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158 | get_rightson()->rotate_subtree(); |
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159 | } |
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160 | } |
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161 | |
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162 | void RootedTree::set_root() { |
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163 | /*! set the root at parent edge of this |
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164 | * pointers to tree-nodes remain valid, but all parent-nodes of this change their meaning |
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165 | * (afterwards they will point to [father+brother] instead of [this+brother]) |
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166 | * esp. pointers to the root-node will still point to the root-node (which only changed children) |
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167 | */ |
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168 | |
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169 | if (at_root()) return; // already root |
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170 | |
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171 | RootedTree *old_root = get_root_node(); |
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172 | RootedTree *old_brother = is_inside(old_root->get_leftson()) ? old_root->get_rightson() : old_root->get_leftson(); |
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173 | |
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174 | // move remark branches to top |
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175 | { |
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176 | char *remark = nulldup(get_remark()); |
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177 | for (RootedTree *node = this; node->father; node = node->get_father()) { |
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178 | remark = node->swap_remark(remark); |
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179 | } |
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180 | free(remark); |
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181 | } |
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182 | |
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183 | GBT_LEN old_root_len = old_root->leftlen + old_root->rightlen; |
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184 | |
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185 | // new node & this init |
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186 | old_root->leftson = this; |
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187 | old_root->rightson = father; // will be set later |
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188 | |
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189 | if (father->leftson == this) { |
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190 | old_root->leftlen = old_root->rightlen = father->leftlen*.5; |
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191 | } |
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192 | else { |
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193 | old_root->leftlen = old_root->rightlen = father->rightlen*.5; |
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194 | } |
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195 | |
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196 | RootedTree *next = get_father()->get_father(); |
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197 | RootedTree *prev = old_root; |
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198 | RootedTree *pntr = get_father(); |
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199 | |
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200 | if (father->leftson == this) father->leftson = old_root; // to set the flag correctly |
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201 | |
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202 | // loop from father to son of root, rotate tree |
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203 | while (next->father) { |
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204 | double len = (next->leftson == pntr) ? next->leftlen : next->rightlen; |
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205 | |
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206 | if (pntr->leftson == prev) { |
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207 | pntr->leftson = next; |
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208 | pntr->leftlen = len; |
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209 | } |
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210 | else { |
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211 | pntr->rightson = next; |
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212 | pntr->rightlen = len; |
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213 | } |
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214 | |
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215 | pntr->father = prev; |
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216 | prev = pntr; |
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217 | pntr = next; |
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218 | next = next->get_father(); |
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219 | } |
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220 | // now next points to the old root, which has been destroyed above |
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221 | // |
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222 | // pointer at oldroot |
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223 | // pntr == brother before old root == next |
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224 | |
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225 | if (pntr->leftson == prev) { |
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226 | pntr->leftlen = old_root_len; |
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227 | pntr->leftson = old_brother; |
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228 | } |
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229 | else { |
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230 | pntr->rightlen = old_root_len; |
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231 | pntr->rightson = old_brother; |
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232 | } |
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233 | |
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234 | old_brother->father = pntr; |
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235 | pntr->father = prev; |
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236 | father = old_root; |
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237 | |
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238 | rt_assert(get_root_node() == old_root); |
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239 | } |
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240 | |
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241 | RootedTree *RootedTree::findLeafNamed(const char *wantedName) { |
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242 | RootedTree *found = NULL; |
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243 | if (is_leaf) { |
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244 | if (name && strcmp(name, wantedName) == 0) found = this; |
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245 | } |
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246 | else { |
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247 | found = get_leftson()->findLeafNamed(wantedName); |
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248 | if (!found) found = get_rightson()->findLeafNamed(wantedName); |
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249 | } |
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250 | return found; |
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251 | } |
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252 | |
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253 | // ---------------------------- |
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254 | // find_innermost_edge |
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255 | |
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256 | class NodeLeafDistance { |
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257 | GBT_LEN downdist, updist; |
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258 | enum { NLD_NODIST = 0, NLD_DOWNDIST, NLD_BOTHDIST } state; |
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259 | |
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260 | public: |
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261 | |
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262 | NodeLeafDistance() |
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263 | : downdist(-1.0), |
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264 | updist(-1.0), |
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265 | state(NLD_NODIST) |
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266 | {} |
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267 | |
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268 | GBT_LEN get_downdist() const { rt_assert(state >= NLD_DOWNDIST); return downdist; } |
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269 | void set_downdist(GBT_LEN DownDist) { |
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270 | if (state < NLD_DOWNDIST) state = NLD_DOWNDIST; |
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271 | downdist = DownDist; |
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272 | } |
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273 | |
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274 | GBT_LEN get_updist() const { rt_assert(state >= NLD_BOTHDIST); return updist; } |
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275 | void set_updist(GBT_LEN UpDist) { |
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276 | if (state < NLD_BOTHDIST) state = NLD_BOTHDIST; |
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277 | updist = UpDist; |
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278 | } |
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279 | |
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280 | }; |
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281 | |
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282 | class EdgeFinder { |
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283 | std::map<RootedTree*, NodeLeafDistance> data; // maximum distance to farthest leaf |
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284 | |
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285 | ARB_edge innermost; |
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286 | double min_distdiff; // abs diff between up- and downdiff |
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287 | |
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288 | GBT_LEN calc_distdiff(GBT_LEN d1, GBT_LEN d2) { return fabs(d1-d2); } |
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289 | |
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290 | void insert_tree(RootedTree *node) { |
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291 | if (node->is_leaf) { |
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292 | data[node].set_downdist(0.0); |
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293 | } |
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294 | else { |
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295 | insert_tree(node->get_leftson()); |
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296 | insert_tree(node->get_rightson()); |
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297 | |
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298 | data[node].set_downdist(std::max(data[node->get_leftson()].get_downdist()+node->leftlen, |
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299 | data[node->get_rightson()].get_downdist()+node->rightlen)); |
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300 | } |
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301 | } |
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302 | |
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303 | void findBetterEdge_sub(RootedTree *node) { |
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304 | RootedTree *father = node->get_father(); |
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305 | RootedTree *brother = node->get_brother(); |
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306 | |
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307 | GBT_LEN len = node->get_branchlength(); |
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308 | GBT_LEN brothLen = brother->get_branchlength(); |
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309 | |
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310 | GBT_LEN upDist = std::max(data[father].get_updist(), data[brother].get_downdist()+brothLen); |
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311 | GBT_LEN downDist = data[node].get_downdist(); |
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312 | |
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313 | { |
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314 | GBT_LEN edge_dd = calc_distdiff(upDist, downDist); |
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315 | if (edge_dd<min_distdiff) { // found better edge |
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316 | innermost = ARB_edge(node, father); |
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317 | min_distdiff = edge_dd; |
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318 | } |
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319 | } |
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320 | |
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321 | data[node].set_updist(upDist+len); |
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322 | |
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323 | if (!node->is_leaf) { |
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324 | findBetterEdge_sub(node->get_leftson()); |
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325 | findBetterEdge_sub(node->get_rightson()); |
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326 | } |
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327 | } |
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328 | |
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329 | void findBetterEdge(RootedTree *node) { |
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330 | if (!node->is_leaf) { |
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331 | findBetterEdge_sub(node->get_leftson()); |
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332 | findBetterEdge_sub(node->get_rightson()); |
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333 | } |
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334 | } |
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335 | |
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336 | public: |
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337 | EdgeFinder(RootedTree *rootNode) |
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338 | : innermost(rootNode->get_leftson(), rootNode->get_rightson()) // root-edge |
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339 | { |
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340 | insert_tree(rootNode); |
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341 | |
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342 | RootedTree *lson = rootNode->get_leftson(); |
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343 | RootedTree *rson = rootNode->get_rightson(); |
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344 | |
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345 | GBT_LEN rootEdgeLen = rootNode->leftlen + rootNode->rightlen; |
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346 | |
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347 | GBT_LEN lddist = data[lson].get_downdist(); |
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348 | GBT_LEN rddist = data[rson].get_downdist(); |
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349 | |
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350 | data[lson].set_updist(rddist+rootEdgeLen); |
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351 | data[rson].set_updist(lddist+rootEdgeLen); |
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352 | |
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353 | min_distdiff = calc_distdiff(lddist, rddist); |
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354 | |
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355 | findBetterEdge(lson); |
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356 | findBetterEdge(rson); |
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357 | } |
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358 | |
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359 | const ARB_edge& innermost_edge() const { return innermost; } |
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360 | }; |
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361 | |
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362 | ARB_edge TreeRoot::find_innermost_edge() { |
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363 | EdgeFinder edgeFinder(get_root_node()); |
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364 | return edgeFinder.innermost_edge(); |
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365 | } |
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366 | |
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367 | // ------------------------ |
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368 | // multifurcation |
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369 | |
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370 | class RootedTree::LengthCollector { |
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371 | typedef std::map<RootedTree*,GBT_LEN> LengthMap; |
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372 | typedef std::set<RootedTree*> NodeSet; |
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373 | |
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374 | LengthMap eliminatedParentLength; |
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375 | LengthMap addedParentLength; |
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376 | |
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377 | public: |
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378 | void eliminate_parent_edge(RootedTree *node) { |
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379 | rt_assert(!node->is_root_node()); |
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380 | eliminatedParentLength[node] += parentEdge(node).eliminate(); |
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381 | } |
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382 | |
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383 | void add_parent_length(RootedTree *node, GBT_LEN addLen) { |
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384 | rt_assert(!node->is_root_node()); |
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385 | addedParentLength[node] += addLen; |
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386 | } |
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387 | |
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388 | void independent_distribution() { |
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389 | // step 2: (see caller) |
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390 | while (!eliminatedParentLength.empty()) { // got eliminated lengths which need to be distributed |
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391 | for (LengthMap::iterator from = eliminatedParentLength.begin(); from != eliminatedParentLength.end(); ++from) { |
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392 | ARB_edge elimEdge = parentEdge(from->first); |
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393 | GBT_LEN elimLen = from->second; |
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394 | |
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395 | elimEdge.virtually_distribute_length(elimLen, *this); |
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396 | } |
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397 | eliminatedParentLength.clear(); // all distributed! |
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398 | |
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399 | // handle special cases where distributed length is negative and results in negative destination branches. |
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400 | // Avoid generating negative dest. branchlengths by |
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401 | // - eliminating the dest. branch |
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402 | // - redistributing the additional (negative) length (may cause additional negative lengths on other dest. branches) |
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403 | |
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404 | NodeSet handled; |
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405 | for (LengthMap::iterator to = addedParentLength.begin(); to != addedParentLength.end(); ++to) { |
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406 | ARB_edge affectedEdge = parentEdge(to->first); |
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407 | GBT_LEN additionalLen = to->second; |
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408 | double effective_length = affectedEdge.length() + additionalLen; |
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409 | |
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410 | if (effective_length<=0.0) { // negative or zero |
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411 | affectedEdge.set_length(effective_length); |
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412 | eliminate_parent_edge(to->first); // adds entry to eliminatedParentLength and causes another additional loop |
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413 | handled.insert(to->first); |
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414 | } |
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415 | } |
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416 | |
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417 | // remove all redistributed nodes |
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418 | for (NodeSet::iterator del = handled.begin(); del != handled.end(); ++del) { |
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419 | addedParentLength.erase(*del); |
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420 | } |
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421 | } |
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422 | |
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423 | // step 3: |
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424 | for (LengthMap::iterator to = addedParentLength.begin(); to != addedParentLength.end(); ++to) { |
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425 | ARB_edge affectedEdge = parentEdge(to->first); |
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426 | GBT_LEN additionalLen = to->second; |
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427 | double effective_length = affectedEdge.length() + additionalLen; |
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428 | |
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429 | affectedEdge.set_length(effective_length); |
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430 | } |
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431 | } |
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432 | }; |
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433 | |
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434 | GBT_LEN ARB_edge::adjacent_distance() const { |
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435 | //! return length of edges starting from this->dest() |
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436 | |
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437 | if (at_leaf()) return 0.0; |
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438 | return next().length_or_adjacent_distance() + otherNext().length_or_adjacent_distance(); |
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439 | } |
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440 | |
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441 | void ARB_edge::virtually_add_or_distribute_length_forward(GBT_LEN len, RootedTree::LengthCollector& collect) const { |
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442 | rt_assert(!is_nan_or_inf(len)); |
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443 | if (length() > 0.0) { |
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444 | collect.add_parent_length(son(), len); |
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445 | } |
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446 | else { |
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447 | if (len != 0.0) virtually_distribute_length_forward(len, collect); |
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448 | } |
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449 | } |
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450 | |
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451 | |
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452 | void ARB_edge::virtually_distribute_length_forward(GBT_LEN len, RootedTree::LengthCollector& collect) const { |
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453 | /*! distribute length to edges adjacent in edge direction (i.e. edges starting from this->dest()) |
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454 | * Split 'len' proportional to adjacent edges lengths. |
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455 | * |
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456 | * Note: length will not be distributed to tree-struction itself (yet), but collected in 'collect' |
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457 | */ |
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458 | |
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459 | rt_assert(is_normal(len)); |
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460 | rt_assert(!at_leaf()); // cannot forward anything (nothing beyond leafs) |
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461 | |
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462 | ARB_edge e1 = next(); |
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463 | ARB_edge e2 = otherNext(); |
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464 | |
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465 | GBT_LEN d1 = e1.length_or_adjacent_distance(); |
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466 | GBT_LEN d2 = e2.length_or_adjacent_distance(); |
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467 | |
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468 | len = len/(d1+d2); |
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469 | |
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470 | e1.virtually_add_or_distribute_length_forward(len*d1, collect); |
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471 | e2.virtually_add_or_distribute_length_forward(len*d2, collect); |
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472 | } |
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473 | |
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474 | void ARB_edge::virtually_distribute_length(GBT_LEN len, RootedTree::LengthCollector& collect) const { |
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475 | /*! distribute length to all adjacent edges. |
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476 | * Longer edges receive more than shorter ones. |
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477 | * |
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478 | * Edges with length zero will not be changed, instead both edges "beyond" |
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479 | * the edge will be affected (they will be affected equally to direct edges, |
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480 | * because edges at multifurcations are considered to BE direct edges). |
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481 | * |
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482 | * Note: length will not be distributed to tree-struction itself (yet), but collected in 'collect' |
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483 | */ |
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484 | |
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485 | ARB_edge backEdge = inverse(); |
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486 | GBT_LEN len_fwd, len_bwd; |
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487 | { |
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488 | GBT_LEN dist_fwd = adjacent_distance(); |
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489 | GBT_LEN dist_bwd = backEdge.adjacent_distance(); |
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490 | GBT_LEN lenW = len/(dist_fwd+dist_bwd); |
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491 | len_fwd = lenW*dist_fwd; |
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492 | len_bwd = lenW*dist_bwd; |
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493 | |
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494 | } |
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495 | |
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496 | if (is_normal(len_fwd)) virtually_distribute_length_forward(len_fwd, collect); |
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497 | if (is_normal(len_bwd)) backEdge.virtually_distribute_length_forward(len_bwd, collect); |
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498 | } |
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499 | |
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500 | void RootedTree::eliminate_and_collect(const multifurc_limits& below, LengthCollector& collect) { |
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501 | /*! eliminate edges specified by 'below' and |
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502 | * store their length in 'collect' for later distribution. |
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503 | */ |
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504 | rt_assert(!is_root_node()); |
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505 | if (!is_leaf || below.applyAtLeafs) { |
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506 | double value; |
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507 | switch (parse_bootstrap(value)) { |
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508 | case REMARK_NONE: |
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509 | value = 100.0; |
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510 | // fall-through |
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511 | case REMARK_BOOTSTRAP: |
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512 | if (value<below.bootstrap && get_branchlength_unrooted()<below.branchlength) { |
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513 | collect.eliminate_parent_edge(this); |
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514 | } |
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515 | break; |
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516 | |
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517 | case REMARK_OTHER: break; |
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518 | } |
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519 | } |
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520 | |
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521 | if (!is_leaf) { |
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522 | get_leftson() ->eliminate_and_collect(below, collect); |
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523 | get_rightson()->eliminate_and_collect(below, collect); |
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524 | } |
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525 | } |
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526 | |
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527 | void ARB_edge::multifurcate() { |
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528 | /*! eliminate edge and distribute length to adjacent edges |
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529 | * - sets its length to zero |
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530 | * - removes remark (bootstrap) |
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531 | * - distributes length to neighbour-branches |
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532 | */ |
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533 | RootedTree::LengthCollector collector; |
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534 | collector.eliminate_parent_edge(son()); |
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535 | collector.independent_distribution(); |
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536 | } |
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537 | void RootedTree::multifurcate() { |
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538 | /*! eliminate branch from 'this' to 'father' (or brother @ root) |
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539 | * @see ARB_edge::multifurcate() |
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540 | */ |
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541 | rt_assert(father); // cannot multifurcate at root; call with son of root to multifurcate root-edge |
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542 | if (father) parentEdge(this).multifurcate(); |
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543 | } |
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544 | |
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545 | void RootedTree::set_branchlength_preserving(GBT_LEN new_len) { |
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546 | /*! set branchlength to 'new_len' while preserving overall distance in tree. |
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547 | * |
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548 | * Always works on unrooted tree (i.e. lengths @ root are treated correctly). |
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549 | * Length is preserved as in multifurcate() |
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550 | */ |
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551 | |
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552 | GBT_LEN old_len = get_branchlength_unrooted(); |
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553 | GBT_LEN change = new_len-old_len; |
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554 | |
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555 | char *old_remark = nulldup(get_remark()); |
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556 | |
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557 | // distribute the negative 'change' to neighbours: |
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558 | set_branchlength_unrooted(-change); |
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559 | multifurcate(); |
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560 | |
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561 | set_branchlength_unrooted(new_len); |
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562 | use_as_remark(old_remark); // restore remark (was removed by multifurcate()) |
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563 | } |
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564 | |
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565 | void RootedTree::multifurcate_whole_tree(const multifurc_limits& below) { |
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566 | /*! multifurcate all branches specified by 'below' |
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567 | * - step 1: eliminate all branches, store eliminated lengths |
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568 | * - step 2: calculate length distribution for all adjacent branches (proportionally to original length of each branch) |
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569 | * - step 3: apply distributed length |
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570 | */ |
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571 | RootedTree *root = get_root_node(); |
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572 | LengthCollector collector; |
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573 | |
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574 | // step 1: |
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575 | root->get_leftson()->eliminate_and_collect(below, collector); |
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576 | root->get_rightson()->eliminate_and_collect(below, collector); |
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577 | // root-edge is handled twice by the above calls. |
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578 | // Unproblematic: first call will eliminate root-edge, so second call will do nothing. |
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579 | |
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580 | // step 2 and 3: |
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581 | collector.independent_distribution(); |
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582 | } |
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583 | |
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